Refrigerator



(No Model.) r

H. H. &a H. T. LOVELL. RBFRIGBRATOR.

%t j %J Patented Nov.

To all whom it may cancer-n.-

` HOMER' T. LovE L, of Ionia, in-the County of and 'we do hereby declare that 'the following. is afull, clear, and exact description of .the

- culated to maintain a circulation of air from rent, that the ascending warmer currents should E the ice-box air-passages at the other end' con-` a central opening in the ice-ho foi: the de `should be unobstructed either 'by cntact of against the cold sides of the ice-box, since .the

..chamben I TED SA HERY H. LOV ELL' AND HOMER T. L'ovELL, oF'IoiuA, MICHIGAN..

" REFTR'IGERATOR' SPECIFICATON formng; artofetee a pme-zm asasse,'dated November 1 3, 1883.

` Application fiea February :13, 1383. (No men Be it known that we, HENRY H. LovnLr and' Ionia 'and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Refrigerators;

same. r

Our invention relates to improvements in refrigerators of that class in which the ice-box is located above the `provision-chamber, and communicates with the latter by means of passages up which the warm airrises to be cooled and is afterwardflischarged into theprovisionchamber again. p

In this class of refrigerators, which are calthe ice to the provisionchamber, it is desirable for the'bestoperation that the currents Currents flowing in opposte directions or by tortuous' or partia-Hy obstructed passages. Fnrther, it is desirable that the air should have free and direct passage upward from all points' when there is' greatest tendency to maintain ahigher temperatu'e within the provision-chamber; and it is also desirable, for the certain maintenance of 'a circulating cur- 'not impinge too closely or in too thinsheets currents would thereby' be, chilled 'and fall directly back in greater or less-degree. v A

Heretofore refrigerators have been devised with tubes and passages leadingnpat one end over the ice-box to co nduct the aii- 'partially warmed in the provision-chamber,`and from ducted the cool air back to :theprovisiom In other cases the ascending air passages have beenprovided atbotli'ends, andscending and cooled air. 'XVe aim to give a more direct, nniform, and nobstr'cted ascending. current, and `correand to this end our invetion consists, partly, in combining with an exterior case or box an ice-box having an open'top, and air-passages on all sides of such icei-box, anddischargee openings intle bottom of the ice-box, situated V I ailpoints between the center of such'botton' i ice-box; further, in the Construction of the ice-'box and tray for' holding the ice; further, in the novel ventilating devices; and, finally, in various details'of Construction, combinations of parts, and special improvements, all fully hereinafter described 'and claimed.

;and thev edges' further, in the peculiar 'corruj gated linings 'to 'the provision-chamber and In the drawigs, Figure la vertical sec- ,tion. .Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectionon'gline w ofFiga 1; Fig. 3, a sectional detail View. A represents a box, case, or .cabinet of ordinary form, having short suppo'ting-legs, a hinged door'or doors in front, and ahinged cover or covers at`top, i The ,box-has' double `front, side, rear, and bottom-wal1s,forming-a "continuous'dead air space exfiept'at tne'poinf where an opening is' made for thedoor.. i Withinthe inner wall of the refrigerator is' 'a vertically-corrugated lining,` which extends entirely around the same and from' top to bot tom, with the 'exception of course of tle open ing for the door. The spacebetween the inner woodenwall and the corrugatedliiing is filled with some good non-.conductingand absorbent l material. Opening& 1 -1,'c0vered by' adjust&

able'slides 2 2, form;passages from the nterior 'of the refrigerator 'into the space fitted' with non-conducting and absorbent nateriahand openings -3 3, closed by slides 4 4, form pas'- sages from the filling into 'the dead-air space and through the outerwall tothe atmosphere.

We prefer, however, to connect the-filling with the external air by short tubes passing through the dead ai; space Thelpu' 'ose of the open- I 'ings '2 2 is to absorbjthe gas s generated in the' I provision chamber', 'while the openings 3-3 absorbed gasesto escape.

serve to 'ventilate the fi11ing-and ermit-the Thelower and-central part 5 5 in the provision-chamberfand prefer shown'. The icebox extends upnearly to' the ofthe interier of the case forms the provision-chambeqwith- 'in which maybe plaed' any suitable arrange ment of shelves and racks sponding free and uniforn descending current; A

topof the ref igerator, andisof slightlyless The ice hox B'rests upon cleats or braclets' A V to 'n th and breadth than the W n of the'c as s,

"which -surround it, so that a continuous air: v passageis formed between the adjacent walls of the ice-box; but if reasonably deep corru: gatio'ns be used, the ice-box may extend to the apeXes of the corrugations, leaving the grooves V for the air-passages. j In these the air flows up in conparatively deep streams ,with only small part in contact: with the outersurface of the. ice-box. The whole top of the ice-box is open, o so that the .airrising upon all sides flows over the' edge directly into contact with' the ice;

' Thei ce is placed upon a shallow inverted tray,

E, having Vertical sides perforated with a rows of 'holes, andhas preferably a perforated top. We may, lowever, construct the ice; box

with double walls and bottom, as shown ining been provided for to the best advantage, it

is suflcient toarrange passages fol' the descendingcurrents at anypoint where they will not interfere with the ascendingcur ents. Open-- ingsfor that purpose have heretofore been made' atthe center of the ice-box; but in order to give distribute it unifornly over the articles in th provisioi-ehamber, we make two 0.1? more discharge-holesn the bottom. If only .two holes are' made, they should berabout equidistant s ver L ql sa e a they should be distribu ab u he b m, notapproaching t'oo near the walls; Theppenings are provided e withu'pturned fianges, 8,to prevent the melted ice fron dripping. down into-'the provision- *ings With deflectors to direct the aii", as it `is 7 diseharged, toward the center of the provisi`ox .flelamber suitableconstructio, 50.

linedgwith a' non-conductor. i

' Bythi Constructionthecomparativelvwarm air in the provision-chanber is carried di- 5 5' rectlj .to the'ice box; As theair nearest the sides is'heated first, its tendency is to riseipon -all sidesfin thin streams, and if *suflici'entjinlet is provided it will pass'jnto'theice-boin direct lines without having.. been carl-led: through all parts of the p rovision-chamher in search of a Singleinlet at -abpa't-ipilarpoint.

the air-space, which entirely surrou'id's the ,ice-box, to which the warm air ris`es' directly J close to the side w'alls, thecorrugated shape free downward' passage of the-coldair-and 110 i `between the center and ends of the box." If 4 chamber and `we may provide 'such open-- and, as well 'as the door of the provison' ham ber, should be' .of double thickness, suitahly- T sasise::

of'such walls 'Qrmin'g deep ehannels for the currents, and prevents them fromc'oning in' such close andrdirectcontactwith the ice-box, which would tend tochill the airian'd causeit tolfall back without flowing over the edge intothe boxg The openings' in 'the bottom* of the ice-box, -which discharge the cooled air again into thegprovision.-chanber, -must be i e so placed'with 'relation to'the side passages that the descending shall not interfere, with 4 the ascending eurrents; and in order to' provide for the proper' un-form discharge of air i enter-ing the ice-box upon all sides, it is' necessary to provide several bpenings at. 'proper points in the bottom; 'such openingsimay be distant from the center and edges of the' bottom; or they may be distributed about in the* bottom a little distance' from the sidesgsdas not to interfe'e with theaseending currents at the sdes. In-our device, therefore weznot onlyobtan the advantagesresulting from a direct entrance in vertical lines of t e warm nearest-all four walls of thc p' .ovisionchanber, but we' secure, also, thecontinuous apdunifor dischargeof such' air, thoroughly i -cooled, into the provisionchamher at points -withithe ascending'currents, s'o that'the eir; culation is rendered uniform throughout the V whole extent of the refrigerator( The -meltedice may be led qe by drp i pipe, 10, connected to the ice-box and run ning down' inside the provision-chamber.

placed, as shown in the drawingsfabout equi'- We a'reaware that an ice-box located` above the refrigerator, with centralopenings in its bottom and side passages for the ascent of the air-,-'i s not new. ;The distinction' in this ease is this When passages are provided on one 'or g two sides only, the central downward current of coldair, spreadingput on the bottom, meets on one -or two sides only flu'es for direct ascent.

On the other 'sjds it neetsthe wall and is turned aside." This eauses something moretha mere Jack of uptake. -It causes' edd'es in the 'lower part of the provision-chanber,

"I rd" and impedes .thereby the circulation,.at best e incli ned to be sluggish.

' Having tl'us described our invento what we 'claim is- 1. Thecombina'tiom in arefrigerator, ofthe open-top ice-box located above the pgcvisiom` Its'- 'chambeyan unobstru'cted -space on a11`sides of the ce box, forming air-passages'fronthe provision -jchamber to theice's'- box, and airpas'sages 'in the bottom of the ice-hox between" the center' and edges, leading directly; to the .provision-chamher; z 1

f2. 'l`he combiuatin-'o'f the case A,'havin"g i the corrugated linin g, the ice-box having open top and corr'gated fsides, .the-continuous air flue between the' ice-box 'and the corrugated lini-ng,- and discharge-openngs in the bottom &The combination o f tle case the coi- %mms f E opening& from the interior into such filling, nahes to this specifieation in presence of two and the removable covers to such openings. subscribing witnesses.

4. The `combinaton of the box or case the 'inner metallie liniug, thehon-condueting fill- I 5 ing, and openings onneeting such filling with i J the external air, such openings being provided -\Vitnesses: with remov-able covers. CHARLEY D. PARKS,

' In testimony whereof we have Signed our LEWIS V. DEAN. 

